A dispersant is a surfactant that has both lipophilic and hydrophilic properties within its molecule. Its main components can be divided into two categories: inorganic dispersants and organic dispersants.
Commonly used inorganic dispersants include:
1. silicate, such as water glass;
2. alkali metal phosphates, such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate.
Components of organic dispersants include:
1. fatty acids;
2. aliphatic amides
3. esters, e.g., stearamides with higher alcohols;
4. vinyl bis-stearamide (EBS)
5. monoglycerides of stearic acid (GMS);
6. hydrocarbon paraffin solids;
7. cellulose derivatives;
8. polyacrylamide;
9. gur gum;
10. polyethylene glycol fatty acids, etc.