Rubber additives have an important role in the formulation of synthetic rubber and are the main factors affecting the performance of rubber products. Introduction of several types of rubber additives in the application of synthetic rubber.
First, the vulcanization system additives
Vulcanization system auxiliaries are mainly composed of vulcanizing agent, accelerator and active agent, and their dosage accounts for about 10% of the raw rubber dosage. According to the saturation of synthetic rubber, sulfur yellow, metal oxides, peroxides and amine compounds can be used in a variety of vulcanization systems.

According to the different performance requirements of rubber and rubber products, sulfur yellow, peroxide, quinone oxime, resin, metal oxides and other different vulcanization systems can be used. Among them, sulfur yellow vulcanization system is divided into ordinary vulcanization system, effective vulcanization system and semi-effective vulcanization system.

Sulfur yellow vulcanization system is used more in general synthetic rubber and semi-general synthetic rubber, metal oxide vulcanization system is mainly used for chloroprene rubber (CR), quinone oxime and resin vulcanization system is mainly used for butyl rubber (IIR), peroxide and resin vulcanization system is mainly used for ethylene propylene rubber (EPR), natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). Special rubber [such as polysulfide rubber (LP), chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM), chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CM), fluorine rubber (FKM), silicone rubber (M V Q), fluorosilicone rubber (FVMQ), etc.] basically belong to saturated rubber, does not contain double bonds, sulfur yellow does not cross-link its role, so the need to use non-sulfur yellow vulcanization system, such as metal oxide, peroxide, organic amine salt vulcanization system system, etc. In recent years, acrylate rubber (ACM) has basically used sulfur yellow vulcanization system.

Second, promoter
Promoters mainly include thiazoles, sub-sulfonamides, thiuram, guanidine and disulfide carbamates.

Hyposulfonamide accelerator alternative species mainly for the accelerator TBBS (NS), TBSI, CBBS and CBS (CZ), etc.; Tyuram accelerator alternative species mainly for the accelerator TBzTD, etc.; dithiocarbamate accelerator alternative species mainly for the accelerator ZBEC (DBZ), etc.; accelerator DTDM and OTOS alternative species mainly for Duralink HTS and Perkalink-900, etc.

Third, active agent
Active agent is to improve the promoter activity, promote the vulcanization reaction of the vulcanization system auxiliaries, so also known as promotion auxiliaries or vulcanization to promote the active agent. Activators are mostly composed of metal oxides and fatty acids, the most typical being the combination of indirect zinc oxide (3~5 parts) and stearic acid (1~2 parts). At present, the development of low zinc or no zinc vulcanization active agent (such as organic zinc, zinc oxide compound masterbatch, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, etc.) partly replace zinc oxide.

Fourth, antioxidant
China's antioxidant RD has become one of the main radial tire rubber antioxidant, the active ingredient in the product is 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2 - dihydroquinoline dimer, trimer, tetramer, especially the dimer anti-aging performance is very good, so we should try to improve the dimer content.

V. Processing aids
 Rubber processing aids for the rubber material only play a physical role, and does not cause chemical reactions.

Tackifiers are processing aids used to increase the self-adhesiveness of rubber. Self-adhesiveness of rubber affects the rollability of the rubber, thus affecting the dispersion of the compound, the strength of the rubber and the continuity and bubbling of the extrusion process. Proper viscosity is also beneficial to improve the stiffness of the rubber.

Plasticizers are processing aids that can improve the processing performance of polymers and enhance their flexibility or tensile properties. According to its mechanism of action can be divided into two categories of physical plasticizers and chemical plasticizers. It is customary to refer to physical plasticizers as softeners and chemical plasticizers as plasticizers.

The main function of homogenizers is to solve the problem of blending polymers of different polarity and viscosity. With the improvement of radial tire structure, the amount of bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) will become larger and larger, which adds many difficulties to the processing of rubber, such as small adhesion between vulcanized and unvulcanized rubber, and air entrapment in the calendering process. At present, the imported dispersants TNB88, UB4000 and 40MSF are mainly used in the airtight layer adhesive.

The main function of dispersant is to improve the dispersion of carbon black and other compounding agents in the rubber. The dispersant generally plays the role of internal lubrication in the rubber mixing process, which can reduce the internal friction between rubber macromolecular chains, reduce the viscosity of the compounding rubber, promote the dispersion of carbon black and other compounding agents, improve the uniformity and processing performance of the rubber, make the mixing time and energy consumption decrease, and accelerate the dispersion of fillers.

With the development of the rubber industry, the amount of synthetic rubber has increased year by year. In recent years, China has made great progress in the development and application of rubber chemicals, but there are still many shortcomings. Rubber chemicals must be environmentally friendly, efficient, multi-functional, low-cost direction, rubber chemicals manufacturers should strengthen its application in synthetic rubber research, to keep pace with the rapid development of the rubber industry.